Internal-combustion motor.



R. W. RICHARDS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPUCATiON FILED MAY 10, 1913.

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R. W. RICHARDS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTI'ON MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 10. 1913 3 SHEETS SHEET 2 R. W. RICHARDS.

INTERNAL COMBUSUON MOTOR. APPLICATlON FILED MAY 10, 1913.

i 1 ?@,936 Patented Mar. 28, 1916 '3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

'RQBHRE W. RICHARIUS, U1 SMALL HEATH, BIRMINGHAM,

ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TU IDQNALD l'. MCKINNON, OF TORGNTO, ONTARIO, CANADA, AND WILLIAM A. i IvIoLiLljillt'QN, F BIBMINGHAIVL ENGLAND.

ENTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mar. 25, 19116.;

Application filed May 10, 1913. Serial No. 766,853.

'1' b all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ROBERT W. llrcrrnnns, of Small Heath, Birmingham, England, have inventedcertain new and useful 1m provcments in Internal-Combustion Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion motors of the type using a sliding sleeve or sleeves to partly or wholly control the ports and particularly to a motor such as described and claimed in U. S. Patent 973,800 October 25th, 1910, in which a single sliding sleeve was employed within the cylinder to close off the ports during the compression and explosion strokes of the motor and in which the'intake and exhaust were controlled by two separate rotary valves. In such motors it is preferable to have the sleeve extend past the. cylinder ports, ports being formed in the sleeve itself. This necessitates the cylinder being formed with a reentrant head the sleeve moving in an annular space between the head and the cylinder walls. A junk-ring must therefore be employed to prevent leakage up between the head and the sleeve, and my object is to so construct this junk-ring that the gas pressure will keep it tight and so that whistling will not take place at the lower rim of the edge of the head at the ports.

A further object is to devise effective means for lubricating the rotary valves by the splash from the crank and connecting rod.

ll attain my objects by means of the constructions hereinafter described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in I whichence indicate corresponding parts in the different figures of the drawings 1 is the cylinder of an engine which is in the main of the ordinary construction and need not be particularly described.

2 is the combustion chamber in axial alinement with the cylinder and of the same .diameter.

The head 3 of the cylinder is reentrant as shown projecting inwardly somewhat in the same manner as the bottom of a wine bottle. In the end is inserted the spark plug 111 the usual manner.

In the sides of the combustion chamber are formed the inlet port 4: and the outlet or exhaust port 5. These ports are controlled by the rotary valves 6 and Thaving suitable bearings in the cylinder walls. These valves may be rotated in any suitable manner, such means forming no part of the cylinder and has the ports 10 and 11 formed therein, which by the sliding sleeve may be brought into alinement with the cylinder ports at proper times.

It is important to prevent leakage be tween the reentrant head and the sleeve as such leakage would readily find its way between the outer surface of the sleeve and the inner surface of the cylinder to the cylinder ports. I therefore provide the junkring 12. Tliis-junlz1-ing is located in a seat 13 formed in the wall of-the reiintrant head. The ring does not entirely till the seat so that a narrow space is left behind the ring. It is my purpose to utilize the press'urewithin the combustion chamber to hold this junkring outwardly against the inner surface of the sleeve and also to holdthe ring up tight against the upper end of its seat. For this the combustion chamber will not only have port 8 communicatingnvith free access to the lower edge of the ring but may also work in behind the same, so that the junk-ringwill be pressed both outwardly and upwardly.

The endwise pressure on the junk-ring is of importance as it prevents any knocking or chattering which might take place if the ring be not constantly forced toward one end of the seat in which, as before stated, it-is made a loose fit topermit of gas pressure entering behind it to force it outwardly against the sleeve. A

There is a. possibility of whistling occurring if the space left by turning down the head below the seat be not partly or completely filled in some manner. I therefore form on the lower edge of the junk-ring the extension 14 which comes down substantially level with'the lower end of the head which is in substantial alinement with the upper edges of the cylinder ports. Thus when the ports in the sleeve 9 are in substantial alinement with the cylinder ports and the valves are opened the whistling effect is overcome as the' gases follow a direct course, to or from the combustion chamber, depending on whether it is the inlet valve or the exhaust valve which is opened.

The lubrication of the rotary valves without the external complication of external oiling systems is of the utmost importance. 1 secure effective and reliable lubrication by the following meansi-An oil duct 15 is formed in the cylinder walls extending from the interior of the cylinder to the bearing surfaces of the'valves. One such duct is sufficient for each valve. As the engine is to be lubricated on the splash system it is necessary to provide means for carrying the oil splashed rip-inside the sleeve to the outer surface of the same and up between the outer surface of the sleeve and the inner surface of the cylinder to the oil ducts 15. claim thatthe means I employ for this purpose are novel, but a description of the samev is necessary 'to enable the novel features to be properly understood. A series-of holes 16 are formed through the sleeve. Oil is carried up to these by means of the carrying groove 17 at the ;lower edge of the piston and groove 18 just below the These grooves are substantially as employed in the well-known Knight the distributing cylinder rings.

sleeve valve motor. The oil passing through the holes 16 is distributed on the inner surface of the cylinder and carried up the same by means of a. series offannular grooves 19 formed in the'outer surface of the sleeve.

hese grooves are spaced apart a distance than the travel of the sleeve so that their spheres of action overlap} that oil is regularly dlstributed over the The result being inner surface ,of the cylinder and gradually carried up. i

The upper annular groove 20 is preferably I do not" It would be understood of course considerably wider than the others and is so located onthe sleeve that it comes into alinement with the inner ends of the oil ducts 15 when the sleeve is in its highest position. To cause oil to be fed from this annular groove 20 through the oil ducts it is necessary to create either a pressure on the oil in the groove or else a. suction in the ducts. I find it preferable to simultaneously employ both methods. pressure being created at the exhaust side and suction at the inlet side of the annular groove.

To create the pressure I employ one or more vertical grooves 21 in the sleeve extending upwardly from the groove 20 to a position .in which they will communicate with the the sleeve is communicating with the duct 15. \Vhen the exhaust valve is open to the duct the pressure in the combustion chamber acts throughthe grooves 31 and forces the oil in the exhaust valve oil duct 15 toward the bearing surfaces of the valve. The grooves 21 are preferably arranged one on each side of the oil duct so that their effect exhaust port 5 of the cylinder when is as stated, the tendency being to force the valve as is desirable, and I therefore so design the inlet valve and so locate the o l duct 15 leading thereto that a communication is formed between the inlet port and the oil duct for a short period of time as the inlet valve opens. The suction which causes the entrance of thefresh charge thus acts to draw oil into the oil duct and hence to the bearing surfaces of the valve. (See Fig. 2.) It will be found that the arrangement described will give very effective lubrication and will be perfectly reliable.

that I do not wish to limit myself to the specific method shown of carrying the oil up to the oil, ducts 15 as any other method may be employed for this purpose. The arrangement shown being old in the art.

What I claim as my invention is:

1.111 an internal combustion motor the combination of a cylinder having ports in its sides; rotary valves controlling said ports, oil ducts being formed in the cylinder walls between the interior of the cylinder and the bearing surfaces ofthe valves; and a sleeve slidable within the cylinder and provided with annular oil carrying grooves in its outer face, the grooves being spaced apart a distance less than the travel of the sleeve and the uppermost groove being adapted to register with said ducts when the sleeve is in its highest position, a vertical groove i also being I intense and the bearing surfaces of the valves; and.

a sleeve slidable within the cylinder and provided with annular oil carrying grooves sleeve and the 'tion stroke of the in its outer face, the grooves being spaced apart a distance less than the travel of the uppermost groove being adapted to register with said ducts when the sleeve is in its highest position, a vertical groove also being formed in the outer face of the sleeve communicating with the upper annular groove and ex 'nding up sufliciently far to communicate with the exhaust port when the sleeve is in its highest position, and the inlet valve being adapted to form a'communication between the adjacent oil duct and the inlet port during part of the sucmotor.

3. In an internal combustion motor the combination of a cylinder having ports in its sides; rotary valves controlling said ports, oil ducts being formed in the cylinder walls between the interior of the cylinder and the bearing surfaces'of the valves; and a sleeve slidabl'e wit in the cylinder and provided with an annular oil carrying groove in its outer face adapted to register with said ducts when the sleeve is in its highest position, a vertical groove also being formed in the outer face' of the sleeve communicating with the annular groove and extending up sufficiently far to communicate with the exhaust port when the upper annular groove is in communication with the oil ducts.-

4. In an internal combustion motor the combination of a cylinder having ports in valves controlling said ports, oil ducts being formed in the cylinder walls between the interior of the cylinder and the bearing surfaces of the valves; and

a sleeve slidable Within the cylinder and provided with an annular oil carrying groove in its outer face adapted to register with said ducts when the sleeve is in its highest position, two vertical grooves'also being formed in the outer face of the sleeve communicating with the annular-groove one at eachside of the oil duct of the exhaust valve, each groove extending up sufficiently far to communicate with the exhaust port when the able within the asleeve slidable within the cylinder and provlded with an annular oil carrying groove in its outer face adapted to register with said ducts when the sleeve is in its highest osition, two vertical grooves also being ormed in the outerface ofthe sleeve communicating with the annular groove one at each'side of the oil duct of the exhaust valve, each groove extending up s'ufiiciently far to communicate with the exhaust port when the upper annular groove is in communication with the oil ducts, and the inlet valve; being adapted to form a communicat1on between the adjacent oil duct and the inlet port during part of the suction stroke of the motor.

6. In an internal combustion motor the combination of a cylinder having ports in its sides; rotary valves controlling said ports, oil ducts being formed in the cylinder walls between the interior of the cylinder and the bearing surfaces of the valves; a sleeve slidcylin'derand provided with an annular oil face adapted to register with said ducts when the sleeve is in its highest position; and means whereby gaseous pressures is exerted on the oil in said ring when the sleeve is substantially in its highest position. Inan internal combustion motor the combination of a cylinder having ports in its sides; rotary valves. controlling said.

ports, oil ducts being formed in the cylinder 1 walls between the interior of the cylinder ROBERT w. RICHARDS;

- Signed the presence of CAMrnnLn,

E. P. HALL.

carrying groove in its outer 

